INDIAN HISTORY

Pre- Historic Period

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Different age	Time Period	Important feature
paleolithic age	(500000-10000 BC)	Tools were usually made of hard rock 'quartize' This age was basically a hunting and food food gathering.
Mesolithic age	(10000-4000)	Earliest domestication of animals has been witnessed at Adamgarh (MP) three human skeltons in a single grave were recovered. Implements made up of bones and horns.
Neolithic Age	(7000- 1000 BC)	cultivation of cereals first started. First cereal used by man was barley.

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Indus valley Civilisation

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period -	2350 BC to 1750 BC (Bronze Age)
Important characteristics -	Urban Planning, Drainage system
Public places -	Great Bath, Granary
Construction Material -	Baked Bricks
society -	Matriarchal
Religious Beliefs -	Mother Goddess, Pashupati and Nature Worship

Major sites, rivers, excavators, and archaeological Finding of indus valley civilisation

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Site	River Bank	Excavator	Archaeological Finding
Harappa	Ravi	Daya Ram Sahni (1921)	Vanity box, Clay figures of mother goddess, stone symbols of lingum and yoni, six granaries in row
Mohenjodaro (Mound of dead)	Indus	Rakhaldas Banerji (1922)	Largest site of indus civilisation Great Bath, Great Granery, Mesopotamian seals, Pashupati Mahadeva seal and Porto-shiva.
Chanhudaro	Indus	N.G. majumdar (1931)	Bronze figurine of bullock cart and ekkas, lipstick and terracotta of figurine of a bullock cart (without citadel)
Kot Diji	Sindhu	Faizal Ahamad (1953)	Quiver made of stone.
Kalibangan	Ghaggar	Amalanand Ghosh(1953)	Ploughed field surface, Decorated bricks, Mesopotamian cylindrical seal.
Lothal	Bhagava	SR Rao (1954)	painted jar and Ancient port, Rice husk, Dockyard, Double burial, Iranian seal.
Rangpur	Madar	Ranganath Rao	Wheat cultivation, Rice husk
Ropar	Sutlej	Yagya Dutt Sharma	Evidence of buurying dog with man
Banawali	Ghaggar	RS Bisht (1974)	Toy plough, evidence of good quality of barley, Clay figures of Mother Goddess.

Vedic Age

Rivers mentioned in the Rig Veda

               

Rig Vedic Name	Modern Name	Rig Vedic Name	Modern Name
Sindhus	Indus	Vitasta	Jhelum
Ashkini	Chenab	Parushni	Ravi
Vipasa	Beas	Shatudri	Sutlej
Drishavati	Ghaggar	Suvasthu	Swat
Kubha	Kabul	Naditarna	Saraswati

Deities Mentioned in Rigveda

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God	Associated Field	God	Associated Field
Indra/ Purandra	Breake of Fort.	Vruna	Water God and upholder of natural order.
Agni	Fire God.	Surya	God with seven horse driven chariot.
Mitra	Solar God.	Pushan	God of marriage, also guarded roads
Rudra	God of animals.	Vishnu	One, who covered Earth in three steps-Upakrama